New in v1.1: The UUID (Universally Unique Identifier) data type stores a 128-bit value that is unique across both space and time.
UUID with the gen_random_uuid() function as the default value. See the example below for more details.Syntax
A UUID value can be expressed using the following formats:
| Format | Description |
|---|---|
| Standard RCF4122-specified format | Hyphen-separated groups of 8, 4, 4, 4, 12 hexadecimal digits. Example: acde070d-8c4c-4f0d-9d8a-162843c10333 |
| With braces | The standard RCF4122-specified format with braces. Example: {acde070d-8c4c-4f0d-9d8a-162843c10333} |
As BYTES |
UUID value specified as bytes.Example: b'kafef00ddeadbeed' |
UUID used as a URN |
UUID can be used as a Uniform Resource Name (URN). In that case, the format is specified as "urn:uuid:" followed by standard RCF4122-specified format.Example: urn:uuid:63616665-6630-3064-6465-616462656564 |
Size
A UUID value is 128 bits in width, but the total storage size is likely to be larger due to CockroachDB metadata.
Examples
Create a table with manually-entered UUID values
Create a table with UUID in standard RCF4122-specified format
CREATE TABLE v (token uuid);
INSERT INTO v VALUES ('63616665-6630-3064-6465-616462656562');
SELECT * FROM v;
+--------------------------------------+
| token |
+--------------------------------------+
| 63616665-6630-3064-6465-616462656562 |
+--------------------------------------+
(1 row)
Create a table with UUID in standard RCF4122-specified format with braces
INSERT INTO v VALUES ('{63616665-6630-3064-6465-616462656563}');
SELECT * FROM v;
+--------------------------------------+
| token |
+--------------------------------------+
| 63616665-6630-3064-6465-616462656562 |
| 63616665-6630-3064-6465-616462656563 |
+--------------------------------------+
(2 rows)
Create a table with UUID in byte format
INSERT INTO v VALUES (b'kafef00ddeadbeed');
SELECT * FROM v;
+--------------------------------------+
| token |
+--------------------------------------+
| 63616665-6630-3064-6465-616462656562 |
| 63616665-6630-3064-6465-616462656563 |
| 6b616665-6630-3064-6465-616462656564 |
+--------------------------------------+
(3 rows)
Create a table with UUID used as URN
INSERT INTO v VALUES ('urn:uuid:63616665-6630-3064-6465-616462656564');
SELECT * FROM v;
+--------------------------------------+
| token |
+--------------------------------------+
| 63616665-6630-3064-6465-616462656562 |
| 63616665-6630-3064-6465-616462656563 |
| 6b616665-6630-3064-6465-616462656564 |
| 63616665-6630-3064-6465-616462656564 |
+--------------------------------------+
(4 rows)
Create a table with auto-generated unique row IDs
To auto-generate unique row IDs, use the UUID column with the gen_random_uuid() function as the default value:
CREATE TABLE t1 (id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(), name STRING);
INSERT INTO t1 (name) VALUES ('a'), ('b'), ('c');
SELECT * FROM t1;
+--------------------------------------+------+
| id | name |
+--------------------------------------+------+
| 60853a85-681d-4620-9677-946bbfdc8fbc | c |
| 77c9bc2e-76a5-4ebc-80c3-7ad3159466a1 | b |
| bd3a56e1-c75e-476c-b221-0da9d74d66eb | a |
+--------------------------------------+------+
(3 rows)
Alternatively, you can use the BYTES column with the uuid_v4() function as the default value instead:
CREATE TABLE t2 (id BYTES PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT uuid_v4(), name STRING);
INSERT INTO t2 (name) VALUES ('a'), ('b'), ('c');
SELECT * FROM t2;
+---------------------------------------------------+------+
| id | name |
+---------------------------------------------------+------+
| "\x9b\x10\xdc\x11\x9a\x9cGB\xbd\x8d\t\x8c\xf6@vP" | a |
| "\xd9s\xd7\x13\n_L*\xb0\x87c\xb6d\xe1\xd8@" | c |
| "\uac74\x1dd@B\x97\xac\x04N&\x9eBg\x86" | b |
+---------------------------------------------------+------+
(3 rows)
In either case, generated IDs will be 128-bit, large enough for there to be virtually no chance of generating non-unique values. Also, once the table grows beyond a single key-value range (more than 64MB by default), new IDs will be scattered across all of the table's ranges and, therefore, likely across different nodes. This means that multiple nodes will share in the load.
If it's important for generated IDs to be stored in the same key-value range, you can use the SERIAL data type, which is an alias for INT with the unique_rowid() function as the default value:
CREATE TABLE t3 (id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, name STRING);
INSERT INTO t3 (name) VALUES ('a'), ('b'), ('c');
SELECT * FROM t3;
+--------------------+------+
| id | name |
+--------------------+------+
| 293807573840855041 | a |
| 293807573840887809 | b |
| 293807573840920577 | c |
+--------------------+------+
(3 rows)
On insert, the unique_rowid() function generates a default value from the timestamp and ID of the node executing the insert. Such time-ordered values are likely to be globally unique except in cases where a very large number of IDs (100,000+) are generated per node per second.
Supported Casting & Conversion
UUID values can be cast to the following data type:
| Type | Details |
|---|---|
BYTES |
Requires supported BYTES string format, e.g., b'\141\061\142\062\143\063'. |
See Also
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